Use of Fly Ash in Concrete
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Fly
ash is used as a supplementary cementitious material in the production of portland cement concrete.
A supplementary cementitious material, when used in conjunction with portland
cement, contributes to the properties of the hardened concrete through
hydraulic or pozzolanic activity, or both.
Fly ash,
a powder resembling cement,
has been used in concrete since the
1930s
Fly
ash has been used in concrete at levels ranging from 15% to 25% by mass of the
cementitious material component. The actual amount used varies widely depending
on the application, the properties of the fly ash, specification limits, and
the geographic location and climate. Higher levels (30% to 50%) have been used
in massive structures (for example, foundations and dams) to control temperature
rise.
Increasing
the amount of fly ash in concrete is not without shortcomings. At high levels
problems may be encountered with extended set times and slow strength
development, leading to low early-age strengths and delays in the rate of
construction.
For
any given situation there will be an optimum amount of fly ash that can be used
in a concrete mixture which will maximize the technical, environmental, and
economic benefits of fly ash use without significantly impacting the rate of
construction or impairing the longterm performance of the finished product.
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